Evaluation of Clinical Features including the frequency of Familial Hypercholesterolemia, and 2-Year Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Early Acute Coronary Syndrome: Real-Life Data from a Retrospective Cohort
Familial Hypercholesterolemia in patients with early ACS
Copyright (c) 2023 European Atherosclerosis Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Published: August 31, 2023
Abstract
Objective: This retrospective study, based on real-life data, aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and 2-year cardiovascular outcomes in patients presenting with early acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in a tertiary healthcare center.
Methods: Information including at least 2-year endpoint data after index ACS event was retrieved from hospital records. Age limit for early ACS was considered <55 years for males and <60 years for females.
Results: Of 985 consecutive ACS patients (770 males; age range, 21-93 years) 361 (36.6%) met early ACS criteria. Frequency familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) was 7.6% and higher in the young-age group (15.5%) than in the old-age group (3%) (p<0.001). During the follow-up (30 monts), the risk predictors for cardiovascular events were the index event being ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and the presence of hypertension, and the risk predictors for mortality were female sex, older age, in-hospital cardiovascular complications.
Conclusion: A very high rate of early ACS (36.6%) was observed in this retrospective ACS cohort of a single center from Turkey. Compared to older patients, young patients were more smoking, more obese, less diabetic, and less hypertensive. High total cholesterol, high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol levels, high non-HDL cholesterol, family history of CAD, and FH were also more commonly observed in the young group. High FH prevalence might be a major factor of the high prevalence of premature ACS in this population. Both the in-hospital and 2-year follow-up mortality rates were significantly lower in the old-age group.
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